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10TH GRADE PRACTICE

Physics Problems: Molecular kinetic theory, Grade 10

Gas particles, temperature and gas laws.

12 problems2 subtopics
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CONDITIONS

Problems

12
№ 71

Problem 71

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

Determine the molar mass of N2O5N_2O_5, the mass of one molecule, the number of molecules in 1 kg1\,\text{kg} of the substance, and the mass of 2⋅10202\cdot10^{20} molecules.

  1. (1080 g/mol; 1,8⋅10−24 kg; 5,6⋅1025 molekul; 3,6⋅10−4 kg)\left(1080\,\text{g/mol};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{-24}\,\text{kg};\ 5{,}6 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{molekul};\ 3{,}6 \cdot 10^{-4}\,\text{kg}\right)
  2. (108 g/mol; 1,8⋅10−25 kg; 5,6⋅1024 molekul; 3,6⋅10−5 kg)\left(108\,\text{g/mol};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{-25}\,\text{kg};\ 5{,}6 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 3{,}6 \cdot 10^{-5}\,\text{kg}\right)
  3. (54 g/mol; 9⋅10−26 kg; 2,8⋅1024 molekul; 1,8⋅10−5 kg)\left(54\,\text{g/mol};\ 9 \cdot 10^{-26}\,\text{kg};\ 2{,}8 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{-5}\,\text{kg}\right)
  4. (216 g/mol; 3,6⋅10−25 kg; 1,12⋅1025 molekul; 7,2⋅10−5 kg)\left(216\,\text{g/mol};\ 3{,}6 \cdot 10^{-25}\,\text{kg};\ 1{,}12 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{molekul};\ 7{,}2 \cdot 10^{-5}\,\text{kg}\right)
№ 72

Problem 72

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

There are 93 g93\,\text{g} of carbonic acid H2CO3H_2CO_3. Determine the relative molecular mass, molar mass, amount of substance, number of molecules, mass of one molecule, number of atoms of each element, and total number of particles.

  1. (124 dimensionless; 0,124 kg/mol; 3 mol; 1,8⋅1024 molekul; 2,1⋅10−25 kg; 3,6⋅1024 atomov H; 1,8⋅1024 atomov C; 5,4⋅1024 atomov O; 1,692⋅1026 chastits)\left(124\,\text{dimensionless};\ 0{,}124\,\text{kg/mol};\ 3\,\text{mol};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 2{,}1 \cdot 10^{-25}\,\text{kg};\ 3{,}6 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov H};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov C};\ 5{,}4 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov O};\ 1{,}692 \cdot 10^{26}\,\text{chastits}\right)
  2. (620 dimensionless; 0,62 kg/mol; 15 mol; 9⋅1024 molekul; 1,05⋅10−24 kg; 1,8⋅1025 atomov H; 9⋅1024 atomov C; 2,7⋅1025 atomov O; 8,46⋅1026 chastits)\left(620\,\text{dimensionless};\ 0{,}62\,\text{kg/mol};\ 15\,\text{mol};\ 9 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 1{,}05 \cdot 10^{-24}\,\text{kg};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{atomov H};\ 9 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov C};\ 2{,}7 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{atomov O};\ 8{,}46 \cdot 10^{26}\,\text{chastits}\right)
  3. (62 dimensionless; 0,062 kg/mol; 1,5 mol; 9⋅1023 molekul; 1,05⋅10−25 kg; 1,8⋅1024 atomov H; 9⋅1023 atomov C; 2,7⋅1024 atomov O; 8,46⋅1025 chastits)\left(62\,\text{dimensionless};\ 0{,}062\,\text{kg/mol};\ 1{,}5\,\text{mol};\ 9 \cdot 10^{23}\,\text{molekul};\ 1{,}05 \cdot 10^{-25}\,\text{kg};\ 1{,}8 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov H};\ 9 \cdot 10^{23}\,\text{atomov C};\ 2{,}7 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov O};\ 8{,}46 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{chastits}\right)
  4. (31 dimensionless; 0,031 kg/mol; 0,75 mol; 4,5⋅1023 molekul; 5,25⋅10−26 kg; 9⋅1023 atomov H; 4,5⋅1023 atomov C; 1,35⋅1024 atomov O; 4,23⋅1025 chastits)\left(31\,\text{dimensionless};\ 0{,}031\,\text{kg/mol};\ 0{,}75\,\text{mol};\ 4{,}5 \cdot 10^{23}\,\text{molekul};\ 5{,}25 \cdot 10^{-26}\,\text{kg};\ 9 \cdot 10^{23}\,\text{atomov H};\ 4{,}5 \cdot 10^{23}\,\text{atomov C};\ 1{,}35 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{atomov O};\ 4{,}23 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{chastits}\right)
№ 73

Problem 73

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

A salt crystal weighing 1 mg1\,\text{mg} was thrown into a lake with an area of 10 km210\,\text{km}^{2} and an average depth of 2 m2\,\text{m}. How many salt molecules will be in a 300 ml300\,\text{ml} glass of water after uniform distribution?

  1. 2,5⋅108 molekul2{,}5 \cdot 10^{8}\,\text{molekul}
  2. 1⋅109 molekul1 \cdot 10^{9}\,\text{molekul}
  3. 5⋅109 molekul5 \cdot 10^{9}\,\text{molekul}
  4. 5⋅108 molekul5 \cdot 10^{8}\,\text{molekul}
№ 74

Problem 74

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

A glass of water evaporated for 3030 days. How many molecules were released from the water every second? Take the mass of water to be 200 g200\,\text{g}.

  1. 2,6⋅1018 molekul/s2{,}6 \cdot 10^{18}\,\text{molekul/s}
  2. 1,3⋅1018 molekul/s1{,}3 \cdot 10^{18}\,\text{molekul/s}
  3. 5,2⋅1018 molekul/s5{,}2 \cdot 10^{18}\,\text{molekul/s}
  4. 2,6⋅1019 molekul/s2{,}6 \cdot 10^{19}\,\text{molekul/s}
№ 75

Problem 75

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

What pressure does the gas NO2NO_2 exert if the concentration of molecules is 3⋅1025 m−33\cdot10^{25}\,\text{m}^{-3}, and the root mean square velocity is 400 m/s400\,\text{m/s}?

  1. 1,2⋅106 Pa1{,}2 \cdot 10^{6}\,\text{Pa}
  2. 1,2⋅105 Pa1{,}2 \cdot 10^{5}\,\text{Pa}
  3. 60000 Pa60000\,\text{Pa}
  4. 2,4⋅105 Pa2{,}4 \cdot 10^{5}\,\text{Pa}
№ 76

Problem 76

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

Determine the average kinetic energy of the molecule and the root mean square velocity of the oxygen and hydrogen molecules at 20 ∘C20\,^{\circ}\text{C}.

  1. (1,22⋅10−20 Dzh; 954 m/s; 3800 m/s)\left(1{,}22 \cdot 10^{-20}\,\text{Dzh};\ 954\,\text{m/s};\ 3800\,\text{m/s}\right)
  2. (6,1⋅10−20 Dzh; 4770 m/s; 19000 m/s)\left(6{,}1 \cdot 10^{-20}\,\text{Dzh};\ 4770\,\text{m/s};\ 19000\,\text{m/s}\right)
  3. (6,1⋅10−21 Dzh; 477 m/s; 1900 m/s)\left(6{,}1 \cdot 10^{-21}\,\text{Dzh};\ 477\,\text{m/s};\ 1900\,\text{m/s}\right)
  4. (3,05⋅10−21 Dzh; 238,5 m/s; 950 m/s)\left(3{,}05 \cdot 10^{-21}\,\text{Dzh};\ 238{,}5\,\text{m/s};\ 950\,\text{m/s}\right)
№ 77

Problem 77

Molecular kinetic theory: gas laws

At a temperature of −15 ∘C-15\,^{\circ}\text{C}, the gas pressure in the vessel is 1,2⋅105 Pa1{,}2\cdot10^{5}\,\text{Pa}. What will the pressure be at 15 ∘C15\,^{\circ}\text{C} at constant volume?

  1. 67000 Pa67000\,\text{Pa}
  2. 2,68⋅105 Pa2{,}68 \cdot 10^{5}\,\text{Pa}
  3. 1,34⋅106 Pa1{,}34 \cdot 10^{6}\,\text{Pa}
  4. 1,34⋅105 Pa1{,}34 \cdot 10^{5}\,\text{Pa}
№ 78

Problem 78

Molecular kinetic theory: gas laws

A cylinder with a volume of 20 l20\,\text{l} contains gas under a pressure of 5⋅105 Pa5\cdot10^{5}\,\text{Pa} at 20 ∘C20\,^{\circ}\text{C}. How many molecules are in the gas and what volume does it occupy under normal conditions?

  1. (2,47⋅1024 molekul; 93,7 l)\left(2{,}47 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 93{,}7\,\text{l}\right)
  2. (1,235⋅1024 molekul; 46,85 l)\left(1{,}235 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 46{,}85\,\text{l}\right)
  3. (4,94⋅1024 molekul; 187,4 l)\left(4{,}94 \cdot 10^{24}\,\text{molekul};\ 187{,}4\,\text{l}\right)
  4. (2,47⋅1025 molekul; 937 l)\left(2{,}47 \cdot 10^{25}\,\text{molekul};\ 937\,\text{l}\right)
№ 79

Problem 79

Molecular kinetic theory: gas laws

How many molecules are there in 5 m35\,\text{m}^{3} of gas at 27 ∘C27\,^{\circ}\text{C} and a pressure of 6⋅105 Pa6\cdot10^{5}\,\text{Pa}?

  1. 7,25⋅1027 molekul7{,}25 \cdot 10^{27}\,\text{molekul}
  2. 7,25⋅1026 molekul7{,}25 \cdot 10^{26}\,\text{molekul}
  3. 3,625⋅1026 molekul3{,}625 \cdot 10^{26}\,\text{molekul}
  4. 1,45⋅1027 molekul1{,}45 \cdot 10^{27}\,\text{molekul}
№ 80

Problem 80

Molecular kinetic theory: gas laws

What is the density of carbon dioxide under normal conditions?

  1. 3,94 kg/m33{,}94\,\text{kg/m}^{3}
  2. 19,7 kg/m319{,}7\,\text{kg/m}^{3}
  3. 1,97 kg/m31{,}97\,\text{kg/m}^{3}
  4. 0,985 kg/m30{,}985\,\text{kg/m}^{3}
№ 81

Problem 81

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

There are 30 mol30\,\text{mol} of gas in a volume of 200 L200\,\text{L} at a pressure of 8⋅105 Pa8\cdot10^{5}\,\text{Pa}. Determine the average kinetic energy of the molecule.

  1. 6,65⋅10−21 Dzh6{,}65 \cdot 10^{-21}\,\text{Dzh}
  2. 2,66⋅10−20 Dzh2{,}66 \cdot 10^{-20}\,\text{Dzh}
  3. 1,33⋅10−19 Dzh1{,}33 \cdot 10^{-19}\,\text{Dzh}
  4. 1,33⋅10−20 Dzh1{,}33 \cdot 10^{-20}\,\text{Dzh}
№ 92

Problem 92

Molecular kinetic theory: particles and their movement

The gas temperature changed from 127 ∘C127\,^{\circ}\text{C} to 200 K200\,\text{K}. How many times did the average kinetic energy and root mean square speed of the molecules change?

  1. (1 raz; 1,4142 raz)\left(1\,\text{raz};\ 1{,}4142\,\text{raz}\right)
  2. (5 raz; 7,071 raz)\left(5\,\text{raz};\ 7{,}071\,\text{raz}\right)
  3. (0,5 raz; 0,7071 raz)\left(0{,}5\,\text{raz};\ 0{,}7071\,\text{raz}\right)
  4. (0,25 raz; 0,35355 raz)\left(0{,}25\,\text{raz};\ 0{,}35355\,\text{raz}\right)

THEORY

Lessons on the topic

Particles and amount of matterMolecule mass, mole, number of particles and concentration.Ideal gas and isoprocessesGas pressure, temperature, equation of state and gas processes.

DIRECTORY

Formulas by topic

Quantity of substanceν · moleMolecular concentrationn · m⁻³Molar massM · kg/molSpeedv · m/sTemperatureT, t · K, °C