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10TH GRADE PRACTICE

Physics Problems: Thermodynamics, Grade 10

Internal energy, heat, work and cycles.

12 problems2 subtopics
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CONDITIONS

Problems

12
№ 3

Problem 3

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

2 kg2\,\text{kg} of ice taken at 0 ∘C0\,^{\circ}\text{C} must be melted, and the resulting water heated to 15 ∘C15\,^{\circ}\text{C}. How much heat will be required?

  1. 7,86⋅106 Dzh7{,}86 \cdot 10^{6}\,\text{Dzh}
  2. 7,86⋅105 Dzh7{,}86 \cdot 10^{5}\,\text{Dzh}
  3. 3,93⋅105 Dzh3{,}93 \cdot 10^{5}\,\text{Dzh}
  4. 1,572⋅106 Dzh1{,}572 \cdot 10^{6}\,\text{Dzh}
№ 82

Problem 82

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

How much heat is required to convert 2 kg2\,\text{kg} of ice at −40 ∘C-40\,^{\circ}\text{C} into water vapor at 100 ∘C100\,^{\circ}\text{C}?

  1. 6,268⋅106 Dzh6{,}268 \cdot 10^{6}\,\text{Dzh}
  2. 3,134⋅106 Dzh3{,}134 \cdot 10^{6}\,\text{Dzh}
  3. 1,2536⋅107 Dzh1{,}2536 \cdot 10^{7}\,\text{Dzh}
  4. 6,268⋅107 Dzh6{,}268 \cdot 10^{7}\,\text{Dzh}
№ 83

Problem 83

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

Determine the internal energy of 20 g20\,\text{g} of helium at 7 ∘C7\,^{\circ}\text{C}.

  1. 18745 Dzh18745\,\text{Dzh}
  2. 1874,5 Dzh1874{,}5\,\text{Dzh}
  3. 937,25 Dzh937{,}25\,\text{Dzh}
  4. 3749 Dzh3749\,\text{Dzh}
№ 84

Problem 84

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

How much alcohol must be burned to melt 3 kg3\,\text{kg} of lead taken at 127 ∘C127\,^{\circ}\text{C}?

  1. 10,6 g10{,}6\,\text{g}
  2. 53 g53\,\text{g}
  3. 5,3 g5{,}3\,\text{g}
  4. 2,65 g2{,}65\,\text{g}
№ 85

Problem 85

Thermodynamics: heat engines

Heater temperature 327 ∘C327\,^{\circ}\text{C}, refrigerator temperature −33 ∘C-33\,^{\circ}\text{C}. What is the maximum efficiency? How much heat does the machine receive from the heater if 300 J300\,\text{J} is supplied to the refrigerator?

  1. (0,3 dolya; 375 Dzh)\left(0{,}3\,\text{dolya};\ 375\,\text{Dzh}\right)
  2. (1,2 dolya; 1500 Dzh)\left(1{,}2\,\text{dolya};\ 1500\,\text{Dzh}\right)
  3. (6 dolya; 7500 Dzh)\left(6\,\text{dolya};\ 7500\,\text{Dzh}\right)
  4. (0,6 dolya; 750 Dzh)\left(0{,}6\,\text{dolya};\ 750\,\text{Dzh}\right)
№ 86

Problem 86

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

A monatomic gas is heated isobarically at a pressure of 2⋅105 Pa2\cdot10^{5}\,\text{Pa}. The volume increased by 15 l15\,\text{l}. Determine the work done, the change in internal energy, and the heat gained.

  1. (3000 Dzh; 4500 Dzh; 7500 Dzh)\left(3000\,\text{Dzh};\ 4500\,\text{Dzh};\ 7500\,\text{Dzh}\right)
  2. (1500 Dzh; 2250 Dzh; 3750 Dzh)\left(1500\,\text{Dzh};\ 2250\,\text{Dzh};\ 3750\,\text{Dzh}\right)
  3. (6000 Dzh; 9000 Dzh; 15000 Dzh)\left(6000\,\text{Dzh};\ 9000\,\text{Dzh};\ 15000\,\text{Dzh}\right)
  4. (30000 Dzh; 45000 Dzh; 75000 Dzh)\left(30000\,\text{Dzh};\ 45000\,\text{Dzh};\ 75000\,\text{Dzh}\right)
№ 87

Problem 87

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

80 L80\,\text{L} of water is poured into the bathtub at 15 ∘C15\,^{\circ}\text{C}. How much water at 80 ∘C80\,^{\circ}\text{C} must be added to get 40 ∘C40\,^{\circ}\text{C}?

  1. 500 l500\,\text{l}
  2. 50 l50\,\text{l}
  3. 25 l25\,\text{l}
  4. 100 l100\,\text{l}
№ 88

Problem 88

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

A piece of ice weighing 20 g20\,\text{g} at 0 ∘C0\,^{\circ}\text{C} was thrown into water at 50 ∘C50\,^{\circ}\text{C}. The temperature dropped to 20 ∘C20\,^{\circ}\text{C}. What is the initial mass of water?

  1. 131,4 g131{,}4\,\text{g}
  2. 657 g657\,\text{g}
  3. 65,7 g65{,}7\,\text{g}
  4. 32,85 g32{,}85\,\text{g}
№ 89

Problem 89

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

A glass weighing 100 g100\,\text{g} is filled with 200 g200\,\text{g} of water at 30 ∘C30\,^{\circ}\text{C}. How much ice at −15 ∘C-15\,^{\circ}\text{C} must be added to cool the system to 10 ∘C10\,^{\circ}\text{C}?

  1. 23 g23\,\text{g}
  2. 92 g92\,\text{g}
  3. 460 g460\,\text{g}
  4. 46 g46\,\text{g}
№ 90

Problem 90

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

100 g100\,\text{g} of water vapor was introduced into water weighing 2 kg2\,\text{kg} at 20 ∘C20\,^{\circ}\text{C} at 100 ∘C100\,^{\circ}\text{C}. What temperature will it be?

  1. 50 ∘C50\,^{\circ}\text{C}
  2. 25 ∘C25\,^{\circ}\text{C}
  3. 100 ∘C100\,^{\circ}\text{C}
  4. 500 ∘C500\,^{\circ}\text{C}
№ 91

Problem 91

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

Determine the work done during isobaric expansion of 56 g56\,\text{g} of nitrogen if the initial temperature is 0 ∘C0\,^{\circ}\text{C} and the volume has increased 33 times.

  1. 90745 Dzh90745\,\text{Dzh}
  2. 9074,5 Dzh9074{,}5\,\text{Dzh}
  3. 4537,25 Dzh4537{,}25\,\text{Dzh}
  4. 18149 Dzh18149\,\text{Dzh}
№ 93

Problem 93

Thermodynamics: internal energy and heat transfer

A steel mug weighing 500 g500\,\text{g} contains water at 15 ∘C15\,^{\circ}\text{C}. A copper cylinder weighing 200 g200\,\text{g} is lowered into water at 150 ∘C150\,^{\circ}\text{C}. After heat exchange, the temperature became 20 ∘C20\,^{\circ}\text{C}. What is the mass of water?

  1. 0,22 kg0{,}22\,\text{kg}
  2. 0,88 kg0{,}88\,\text{kg}
  3. 4,4 kg4{,}4\,\text{kg}
  4. 0,44 kg0{,}44\,\text{kg}

THEORY

Lessons on the topic

Internal energy and the first lawInternal energy of a monatomic gas, work and the first law of thermodynamics.Thermal processes and efficiencyHeating, phase transitions, adiabatic process and heat engine.

DIRECTORY

Formulas by topic

Amount of heatQ · JEfficiencyη · %WorkA · JTemperatureT, t · K, °CSpecific heat capacityc · J/(kg K)EnergyE, W · J